The late Middle Ages in turn comprise two stages: At this stage the early bourgeoisie emerged as a new social class, which promoted the changes necessary for the emergence of capitalism and the end of the Middle Ages. The properly feudal stage of the Middle Ages, marked by the appearance of the Black Death (1348) that claimed millions of lives in Europe and reduced its population by half. Low Middle Ages (11th to 15th centuries).It ended with the proper beginning of feudal institutions, the rise in the East of the Macedonian dynasty, and the decline of the Abbasid Caliphate. Christianity was consolidated in Europe and spread to new territories, while Jerusalem passed into Muslim hands. It began with the fall of the Roman Empire. Early or High Middle Ages (5th to 10th centuries).
The Middle Ages is commonly divided into two stages: See also Mortality - Concept, mortality rate and what is birth rate Stages of the Middle Ages However, in the Middle Ages massive epidemics, military invasions and superstition aboundedAlthough in the latter it is possible that Christianity classified as ignorance or superstition any vestige of previous pagan religions. The diversity of what happened over a thousand years does not allow a too homogeneous reading. For instance, the ancient slave mode of production was replaced by the feudal mode of production. It was a long period of deep but slow transformations. Usually, faith prevailed over reason or understanding. However, these supernatural beings were part of the current imaginary at the time, in which local traditions and beliefs clashed with the dominant Christian religion. Although much of it is shown romantically in contemporary fiction, there never was magic, no species other than human (elves, orcs, goblins, etc.), or dragons. The Middle Ages It is the time of the knights errant, of the Catholic kings and kingdoms, and of the long wars rural for religious reasons. The consideration that the history of Europe is the history of the world is a biased, Eurocentric and discriminatory historical criterion. However, medieval life was far from being immovable or serene, but it was the scene of numerous human displacements, abundant wars and new political forms, mainly in the border cultures to the European one, like Muslim Arab or Eastern Christianity (Byzantium).Įspecially important was the clash between Christian and Islamic civilizations, with reciprocal attempts at conquest such as the Muslim expansion from the 7th to the 15th century or the numerous Christian Crusades.įinally, it should be noted that the Middle Ages, as a historical period, cannot be fully applied to civilizations other than the Western one, such as China, India or Japan, flourishing during that same period.
During this period, society embraced a feudal order, essentially rural or peasant, and Christian dogmatism ruled the culture. The Middle Ages receives its name from being the transition between the Ancient Age and the Modern Age.
Its thousand-year duration was characterized by a relative stagnation in the development of culture and science, under the rule of the religious mentality of Christianity, which is why it was often called the “Dark Ages.” The period of Western history that begins with the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, and ends with the discovery of America in 1492 or the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453, the date on which the Hundred Years War also culminated. Also, what was feudalism? The Middle Ages was a period of wars, plagues, and new political forms. We explain what the Middle Ages was, its stages, art, literature and other characteristics.
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